Pūhiko Whakamahana Hau NF mō te Waka Hiko, Waka Ranu rānei

Ko te pūwero hauhautanga hiko te whirihoranga matua o ngā pūnaha whakahaere hauhautanga/wera mō ngā tauira waka hiko katoa, ā, he wāhanga nui hoki mō te whakapai ake i ngā waka ranu/wahie. Ka whakamahia te tono matua ki ngā tauira waka hiko kāore he mana taraiwa tika a te miihini, ā, ka kapi hoki i ētahi tauira wahie/ranu penapena hiko. He pai mō ngā momo waka katoa mai i ngā waka pāhihi ki ngā waka arumoni me ngā waka motuhake, ā, ka whakatauritehia ngā whakatakotoranga rerekē (vortex/blade, pēhanga teitei/pēhanga iti, noa/papu wera motuhake) kia rite ki te whakamahinga me ngā whakaritenga whakahaere pāmahana i roto i ngā tauira waka rerekē. Ko te tono matua e aro ana ki ngā whakaritenga matua e rua o te whakahaere pāmahana kāpini me te whakahaere wera o te waka.
1, Ngā tauira tono matua (e kapi ana i ngā kāwai katoa, me ngā tauira hiko hei pou matua)
1. Ngā waka hiko parakore (ngā waka pāhihi me ngā waka arumoni)
Ngā waka hiko parakore: Mai i ngā kuta nekeneke iti (Wuling Hongguang MINIEV) ki ngā sedan/SUV waenga ki te teitei (Tesla, BYD, NIO, me ētahi atu), kei te raupapa katoa he pūwero hauhautanga hiko pēhanga-teitei (momo vortex matua mō ngā waka pāhihi), koinei anake te pūtake hiko mō te whakamatao kāpini/whakamahana papu wera, ā, ka mahi tahi me te BTMS ki te whakarato whakamatao āpiti pāmahana-teitei mō te pākahiko hiko;
Ngā waka arumoni hiko parakore: ngā pahi hiko, ngā taraka hiko taumaha/māmā, ngā waka kawe waka, he nui ngā nekehanga me ngā mīhini pēhanga teitei, e tika ana mō ngā whakaritenga kawenga teitei o ngā waka arumoni me te wāhi kāpini nui mō te whakahaere tere i te pāmahana me te utu tere me te whakamatao pākahiko tino nui, me te whai whakaaro anō hoki ki te pumau o te mahi i ngā āhuarangi katoa.
2. Ngā waka mono/whakaroa tawhiti (ngā waka pāhihi o te whare)
Hei tauira, ko BYD DM-i, Ideal ONE, Wenjie M5, me ētahi atu, ahakoa he mīhini ā rātou, he taputapu pūwero hauhautanga hiko hei paerewa mō te whakahaere motuhake o te hauhautanga i roto i te aratau hiko parakore (me te kore whitiki taraiwa mīhini i te wā e tū ana te waka/taraiwa hiko parakore tere-iti). Ka tautokohia hoki e rātou te whakawhiti aratau-rua ā-mīhini me te hiko i te wā e whakahaerehia ana te mīhini, me te whakataurite i te penapena pūngao me te whakamarie o te kāpini.
3. Ngā waka penapena hiko/waka ranu ngāwari (MHEV)
Ko ētahi waka mahi tahi/waka whaiaro (pērā i ngā tauira Toyota Corolla mild hybrid me Volkswagen Lavida) he mea whakamahi i ngā pūwero hauhautanga hiko iti-pēhanga hei whakaiti i te kawenga o te mīhini me te whakapai ake i te penapena wahie, me te wehe i te hononga o te pūnaha hauhautanga mai i te mīhini. Ina tū te waka, ka taea te whakakā motuhake i te hauhautanga hei whakapai ake i te wheako taraiwa.
4. Ngā waka hiko motuhake
Ko ngā waka horoi hiko, ngā waka tōrino hiko, ngā waka hanga hiko, ngā RV hiko, ngā pahi kawe rererangi, me ētahi atu, ka honoa ki ngā pūwero hiko kua whakaritea kia rite ki ngā āhuatanga mahi (pēnei i ngā tauira ārai wiri mō ngā waka hanga me ngā tauira penapena hiko iti-haruru mō ngā RV) hei whakatutuki i ngā hiahia whakahaere pāmahana o te kāpini me ngā taputapu āwhina whakamatao i roto i ngā āhuatanga motuhake.
2、 Ngā horopaki tono matua (i roto i ngā āhuatanga whakahaere katoa o te motuka me te waka, te whakamatao/whakamahana matua rua)
Ko te whakamahinga o ngā pūwero hauhautanga hiko e kapi ana i ngā āhuatanga mahi katoa o te taraiwa waka, te tūnga waka, me te utu tere, me ngā mahi matua o te whakamatao, te whakamahana papu wera, me te whakahaere pāmahana āwhina. He taurangi rua tēnei mō te whakamarie o te waka me te haumaru o ngā wāhanga matua:
1. Te whakamatao i roto i te kāpata (te whakamahinga matua taketake)
Ko te whakaritenga matua mō ngā tauira waka katoa ko te mea i ngā pāmahana tiketike o te raumati, ka whakahaerehia e te pūwero te rere o te hauhautanga hei whakawhiti i te wera i roto i te waka ki waho, kia tere ai te whakamatao o te kāpini. He pai mō ngā āhuatanga katoa pēnei i te haere ki te tāone nui, te taraiwa tawhiti, me te okiokinga waka, ka whakatau i te raruraru o te pāmahana tiketike me te kikī i roto i te waka.
2. Te whakamahana papu wera (te tono matua o te penapena hiko i roto i ngā waka hiko hou)
He kaupapa matua motuhake mō ngā waka hiko hou, i te wā iti o te takurua, ka mahi te pūwero hei matua hiko o te pūnaha whakamahana hau papu wera. Mā te whakawhiti i te ara iahiko whakamatao mā te takirere ara-whā, ka "kawea" te kaha wera iti mai i te hau o waho ki roto mō te whakamahana, me te whakapaunga hiko 1/3~1/2 noa iho o ngā whakamahana PTC. Ka whakaitihia e tēnei te whānuitanga o te whakahekenga o te whakamahana hotoke mō ngā waka hiko hou, ā, he pai mō ngā taiao pāmahana reo me te iti i runga ake i te -5 ℃; Ina kei raro iho te pāmahana i te -5 ℃, ka mahi tahi me ngā whakamahana PTC hei whakataurite i te tere whakamahana me te penapena hiko.
3. Whakahaere pāmahana āwhina mō ngā wāhanga matua o te waka (mō ngā tono haumaru mō ngā waka)
Hei wāhanga nui o te pūnaha whakahaere wera o te waka, ka whakaratohia e te pūwero he puna makariri mō ngā wāhanga matua o te waka, kia mau ai te mahi a te taputapu.
Whakamatao āwhina pākahiko hiko: I te wā e tere ana te utu/te taraiwa kawenga nui, ka whakaputa wera te pākahiko hiko i te tere teitei. Mena kāore i te rawaka te whai huatanga o te whakamatao wai, ka whakaratohia e te pūwero he puna makariri mō te BTMS hei whakaiti tere i te pāmahana pākahiko me te karo i te rerenga wera;
Te Whakamatao o te Mōta/Mana Hiko: Ina tere te waka, ina piki pukepuke rānei, ka nui te wera e whakaputaina ana e te mōta taraiwa me te kaiwhakahaere waka, ā, ka whakaratohia e te pūwero he pūtake makariri mō tā rātou ara iahiko whakamatao hei whakarite i te mahi noa o te pūnaha hiko;
Te whakamatao i ngā taputapu e mau ana i roto i te motuka: te whakarato i te puna makariri mō ngā pouaka whakamātao i runga i te RV, ngā taputapu whakahaere hiko i runga i te waka hangarau, me ētahi atu, hei whakatutuki i ngā whakaritenga taputapu motuhake o ngā waka motuhake.